Who are the winners and losing?

At the London summit, the “reset” relationship between the UK and the EU after Brexit was agreed.

The agreement covers a number of issues, including protection, fishing, food trading and the ability of young people to move freely between the UK and the EU.

The BBC Verify passed a deal, choosing potential winners and losers.

Winner: UK food exporters in the EU who could see less check

Loser: People who do not want the UK to follow the EU rules because there are lines

Since Brexit, British goods traveling to the EU – including food – have encountered new checks and additional documents.

Some items such as the UK exports of raw burgers and sausage have been banned from entering the EU because they do not comply with their strict import rules.

Export food to the UK to the EU fell .

Both sides have now agreed to work on a joint food safety agreement that can remove many current barriers.

If it is signed and fully implemented, it will reduce the design of the documents, facilitate the check and even raise prohibitions on products such as raw meat.

Food and drinks exported to the EU in 2023 cost 14 billion poundsaccounts for 57% of all foreign sector sales.

But the transaction comes with the terms. The UK will need to follow future EU nutrition standards – a system known as “dynamic alignment” – and accepting that the European court will have a final word in any dispute in the field.

The UK will also need to make a financial contribution. However, it is now unknown how much the payment will be and if it is needed.

Winner: EU – Fishing Courts Get another 12 years of access to the UK

Lost: UK fishermen who wanted annual access negotiations to fishing

Although fishing on a very small part of the UK economy – Just 0.04% GDP in 2024 – This is politically sensitive.

In the Detaid document, the political agreements that lead to full mutual access to the fish before June 30, 2038 ” – 12 -year expansion to the current transaction, coordinated by the conservative government of Boris Johnson – and is much longer than expected.

According to the existing agreement (from the expiration of the period in 2026), the EU court is accessed to the UK for fish – in return for the transfer of 25% of their fishing – the amount they can catch – to the UK.

Some fishing groups in the UK criticized the existing deal and do not want it to be extended.

Elsespet McDonald, who represents 450 fishing boats as the CEO of the Scottish Fisherman Federation, says: “This transaction is a horror show for Scottish fishermen, much worse than Boris Johnson, which is in the Brexit agreement.”

He says the long -term transaction takes off its industry power in future negotiations and will prefer annual negotiations with the EU.

Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer says that “there will be no increase in the amount that the EU court will be able to catch in British waters,” and says that the UK fishermen will now be easier to export their products.

In 2023 UK Exported to the EU 1.2 billion. Pounds of sterlingAbout 70% of all fish exports.

Tavish Scott from Salmon Scotland, which represents Agriculture in Scotland in Scotland, says that the check -up agreement “will accelerate our premium delivery to the market.”

Winner: Youth in the UK and EU who are to – if confirmed – be able to work and study more freely between them

Lost: Those who oppose the increase in pure migration in the UK, note that any mobility scheme can affect immigration figures, although this effect may be temporary

The details here still need to be confirmed, but the winners will be the young people from the UK, and from the EU, which could easier to work and study all over Europe and the UK. Other youth mobility schemes were focused on people between the ages of 18 and 30.

However, the influence of what is called the “youth experience” may be uneven.

Before Brexit, younger people from the EU came to the UK than went the other way.

And, remember, Sir Keir promised to “significantly reduce immigration levels in the coming years. So there is a big sign of the question of what influence the UK-EU scheme can have at the UK immigration level.

Madeleine Samport from the Oxford Migration Observatory reported the BBC to make sure that the scheme is likely to increase pure migration in the short term when new participants come.

However, it adds that when everyone left the UK, when the visa ended, the long -term influence on the migration level will be minimal.

“If the UK is worried about the impact, it can stop the scheme where it gradually increases the quota. Thus, when people leave, the quota can be raised, not a big explosion, all at once,” she said.

Winner: British tourists can use Egates at EU airports but we don’t know

Loser: Those waiting to avoid long queues this summer

As part of the agreement, UK citizens will be able to use Egates at the EU airports rather than check the passport by hand, which checks the border officer.

The government claims: “British vacationers will be able to use more ego in Europe, stopping terrible queues in the border management.”

However, the text of the EUC Agreement is less clear, citing only “potential use of the selfish where it is needed”

It is unlikely that any changes will be implemented in the summer, Abta Abta BBC Verify said.

ABTA believes that the transaction clarifies that EU countries can offer ego to UK citizens after a new entry/exit system (EES) will come into force in October.

EES is an automated IT system for registration of all travelers who are not included in the EU, for a short stay, every time they cross the external borders of the EU.

Whether the UK passengers will avoid border guards in general will depend on the technology at each border crossing, ABA says.

Winner: UK Defense Company can get contracts from the new EU fund

Loser: EU defense firms that hoped to receive more of these revenues

The EU has set up a security stock for the European Fund (Safe) with 150 billion euros (126 billion pounds) loans with the support of the EU budget to allow its transfer states.

This was to be spent on EU -based defense firms. The fund also allows you to participate in a number of non -EU countries and can now be open for defense companies in the UK. This potentially will allow EU firms to use the Fund to buy a kit in the UK.

The UK has great production protection compared to many EU states and directly in this sector works about 164.00 people in the UK.

In the period from 2020 to 2024 the UK was According to the International Institute of Peace Studies Stockholm It accounts for about 3.6% of the total annual exports of weapons, which made the UK seventh largest national exporter.

Again, the details are still being developed here, and we do not know when and how the UK will participate in the fund.