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The Indian desire to mix more biofuels with gasoline helped the country reduce millions of tons of carbon dioxide emissions and save valuable reserves.
But it also caused concerns among the owners of vehicles and food experts about its potential impact on fuel efficiency and food security.
Last month, India reached its goal of mixing 20% ethanol with gasoline known as the E20 for five years ahead of its goal.
The government views this as changing games in reducing carbon emissions and pruning oil imports. Since 2014, ethanol, India has helped to reduce 69.8 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions and saved 1.36 trillion rupees ($ 1.5 billion; 1.1 billion pounds) in foreign currency.
Study Board of Analytical Delhi Energy Centers, Environment and Water (CEEW) shows what it shows Carbon dioxide emissions From road transport in India until 2050 almost double.
“Demand for fuel will only increase and move to gasoline contained in ethanol, is absolutely necessary for the reduction of emissions,” said Sandep theng of the Indian Federation of Green Energy, an organization that promotes green energy, BBC.
But many vehicles in India do not combine with the E20, making their owners skeptical of politics.
Hormazd Sorabjee, editor of Autocar India, said Ethanol has “less energy density than gasoline and more aggressive.” This leads to a decrease in the run and exposes certain parts of the vehicle to more risk of wear.
D -Sorabjee added that some manufacturers, such as Honda, have been using materials that fit E20 since 2009, but many old vehicles on Indian roads are not compatible with E20.
Although official data on E20 fuel impact on engines, consumers regularly share anecdotes to deteriorate their car in social media.
Many standard insurance policies in India also do not cover damage due to the use of incompatible fuel, the highest executive director in the online scrolling platform Policybazaar, which wanted to remain anonymous, the BBC said.
“Consumers must pursue a policy of additions, but even these claims can be denied or lowered based on small policy printing,” he added.
The Federal Ministry of oil described these problems as “largely unreasonable”.
The ministry reported that the setting of engines and materials compatible with the E20 could minimize the drop. He also advised to replace some details in old cars, saying the process was inexpensive and “easily done during regular car service”.
Mr. Sorobya said the BBC that while MiLage’s problems are “not always as bad as they are produced.”
According to him, the more problem caused the potential of damage to vehicles from the E20’s aggressive properties.
Some car manufacturers offer ways to soften this.
As reported E20 Material set It can cost up to $ 6,000 ($ 69; £ 51). The kit will be reported to be replaced by components such as fuel lines, seals and gaskets. Bowry, leading Indian manufacturer of two -wheeled vehicles, advised to use Cleaning fuel It can cost about $ 100 (1.15 dollars; £ 0.85) for a full reservoir with gasoline.
But not all vehicle owners are convinced. Amite Pandy, who owned the Maruti Suzuki car in Delhi since 2017, is dissatisfied with the fact that gasoline pumps do not offer choice for the mixture except the E20.
“Why should I be forced to buy gasoline offering a smaller run and then spending more to make materials compatible?” he asked.
In 2021, the document on the transition of India to the E20, published by Niti Aayog, a government analytical center, emphasized some of these problems. Tax benefits are recommended to buy vehicles that match the E20 as well as the lower retail price for fuel.
The government defended its decision not to make recommendations, saying that at the time of the report, Ethanol was cheaper than gasoline.
“Over time, the price of ethanol has increased, and now the weighted price is ethanol higher than the cost of exquisite gasoline,” ” According to the Ministry of Oil Previously this month.
Not only is the consumers – the combined fuel government also caused concern about climate researchers and food experts.
Ethanol is made of crops such as sugarcane and corn, and expanding its use means distraction of farms into production of more fuel.
In 2025, India will need 10 billion liters of ethanol to meet its E20 requirements. According to Bengalur, the demand will be 20 billion liters by 2050, according to the Bengalur Analytical Center for Science, Technology and Policy (CSEP).
Now the sugarcane is used to produce about 40% ethanol of India.
This puts India in tie. It should choose between the duration of its dependence on the sugarcane – which has a higher yield for ethanol, but is intense in water – or using food crops such as corn and rice to produce fuel.
But the shift goes with its problems.
In 2024, for the first time in decades, India became a net importer of corn using a large amount of crop to make ethanol.
The Natarjan’s Belo, CStep Researcher, said the product sabotage had a significant impact on the poultry factory, which now has to spend more to buy corn for raw materials.
In addition, this year, the Food Corporation of India (FCI) approved an unprecedented distribution of 5.2 million tons of rice for ethanol production. FCI’s rice is designed to provide poor India at a subsidized speed.
Politics may lead to a “agricultural catastrophe in a couple of years,” said Davinder Sharma, agricultural expert.
“In a country such as India, where 250 million people are hungry, we cannot use food food,” Mr. Sharma said.
To meet the demand for ethanol through corn and sugarcane in the ratio of 50-50 – as the Niti Aayog – India should bring an additional eight million hectares under the cultivation of corn by 2030, if there is no sharp increase in the crop, CSTEP reports.
But even this can lead to problems.
“If farmers replace the cultivation of rice or wheat, it would be stable because we have enough excess of these cultures. But we need other crops such as oils and impulses,” said Ms Natyan.
The Natyanian lady added that the continuation of the E10 -gasoline mixture mixed with 10% would be a more ideal choice.
India, however, plans to go beyond E20.
“Now the country will gradually scale to the E25, E27 and E30 stages, the reflected manner,” said oil minister Hardip Pur.
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