As Trump wants US companies charged

The Trump administration heads the ambitious but contradictory peaceful initiative aimed at ending a long conflict in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, which also attracted in the neighboring Rwanda.

Mediation efforts are not surprised, because Dr. Congo is a nation in the center of Africa – endowed with a mineral wealth that the United States requires IT nutrition, and now the II revolution, most of which is currently going to China.

US President Donald Trump is expected to be held by Dr. Congo and Ruanda leaders – Felix Tshasecki and Paul Kagam – in the coming weeks to seal the peace agreement he acknowledged with the “glorious triumph”, hoping to reinforce it with transactions that will stimulate investment in the US.

The Executive Director of the World Peace Foundation, based in the US, Professor Alex de Vaal, said the Trump administration was promoting a “new model of peace, combining populist performance with commercial transactions.”

“Trump also did it in Ukraine. He wants to gain glory to increase his own political position and provide the minerals in the interests of America,” said Professor De Vaal.

However, he noted that “Dr. Congo has already broken up a lot of minerals, so the US is playing catching up.”

He said that so far, US companies were cautious about investing in Dr. Congo’s Doctor of Safety and “moral danger” from the fight against the so -called “blood minerals” – minerals that finance the uprisings – but it may change if Trump’s administration has realized its model of peace.

Professor De Vaal said it could happen in others affected by conflicts as Sudan, where the Trump administration – together with the Arab nations such as Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Egypt – had to participate in median efforts after the previous initiatives had fallen.

He added that the model of the Trump administration administration could not be rejected by the hands, especially if it stops fighting, which killed thousands of people and moved millions of others in conflicts that have been raging for more than 30 years in the Eastern Doctor of Congo.

“Trump can make different sides talk and shake things up,” said Professor De Vaal.

But Professor Harnri Mostert, an academician on minerals at Cape Town University, South Africa, said the BBC that Dr. Congo “risks monitoring the sovereignty over his minerals.”

D -R Congo could close the transactions over the years in exchange for unclear security guarantees, she said.

Prof. Mr.Stert resembles “resources combating” China and Russia in numerous African states.

She referred to the example of Angola, where China built infrastructure in exchange for oil.

“Even when oil prices rose, Angola could not gain greater value,” said Professor Mostert.

The US State Department said in 2023 that it D -R Congo had approximately $ 25 (£ 21,2trn) in reserves of minerals.

These included cobalt, copper, lithium, manganese and tantalo – necessary for the production of electronic components used in computers, electric vehicles, mobile phones, wind turbines and military equipment.

“How long will Dr. Congo give us cobalt to investors? Will it be 20 years or 50 years? What is the price for peace?” asked prof.

Dr. Congo’s press secretary -secretary Patrick Muya confirmed the BBC Newsday program in March that his country wanted to supply the United States “some critical minerals” in exchange for a security transaction.

The M23 Rebel Group launched the main offensive earlier this year, seizing huge areas of the Eastern Doctor of Congo and smuggling minerals across the border to Rwanda, UN experts have stated in a report earlier this month.

Then the minerals were mixed with the production of Rwanda, and “their next exports to the subjects down the course reached unprecedented levels,” the UN experts added.

Rwanda denies allegations that he supports M23, though the UN has provided evidence that there were thousands of soldiers.

The fact that it seems that the attempt to resolve the issue of smuggling on minerals, a peaceful deal between Dr. Congo and Rwanda, still provides for a “regional economic integration” between the two state states.

This is “to provide the blocking of illegal economic routes” and “mutually beneficial partnerships and investment opportunities” created for “greater well -being – especially for the population of the region”.

“We get a lot of rights for the US for useful fossils as part of it,” Trump said, ahead A peaceful deal signed by representatives of two governments on June 27 in Washington.

Dr. Congo researcher of the South African Security Studies Institute, BRAM VERELST, said the BBC that the US initiative was held in tandem, and another headed by Qatar, close to us.

Mr. Verellst said that the US focus was mainly on the regional dimension, while Qatar was on internal issues between Doctor Congo’s government and the M23 rebel group, which created its own administration in the east after the capture of the regional capital Gomo.

Professor Jason Sturs, a political scientist based in Canada specializing in the region, said the BBC that Qatar, like other oil -rich countries, is expanding to Africa, “to design power, and seek economic opportunities.”

He added that he began to participate in mediation efforts at the request of Rwanda, which he perceived the US as the benefit of Dr. Congo, which he denied Washington.

Professor Sturns said that Qatar in Rwanda had “massive” economic interests, emphasizing that the Gulf staff creates a new multi -billionaire airport in Kigal and negotiated 49% of shares in the national airline.

He explained that the US and Qatar cooperated closely, but it was less than perfect to have two processes because “you don’t want to find yourself in a situation where there is a peaceful affair between Dr. Congo and Rwanda says,” We do not control M23, “and M23 continues to escalate (conflict).”

“Therefore, it is very important that the two processes are tightly tied to each other, because the actors are so closely linked,” Professor Sturns added.

Within the framework of the Peace Treaty, Dr. Congo and Rwanda agreed to launch a “security coordination mechanism” within 30 days after the June 27 agreement.

Mr. Verellst said that on Tuesday it was expected to cease fire, after which the D -Congo government, and M23 signed a comprehensive peace agreement by August 18, based on the “Declaration of Principles” that they had already agreed.

The International International Crisis Group analyst (ICG), based in the Congo, OneSphore Sematumba, said the US and Qatar have concluded “record time” since the rise of Trump before the US presidency.

Mr. Sematumba said their interference had occurred after various efforts in Africa “failed to force the parties to sign even one document” since 2022.

“Regional players do not have the same impact to influence Kigali and Kinshas,” he added.

“But the road may be long between signing the agreement and the achievement of peace, in which case it will be long,” Mr. Sematumba warned.

One of the key issues is whether the M23 will abandon the territory under its control as the Tshaseedi government requires.

Mr Sematumba said M23 agreed that the “state power” established by the Congo’s doctor also stated that the rebels also stated that they would not abandon the “single centimeter” of the earth.

“Personally, I believe that the transition should be gradual, and for some areas there should be some joint management. But everything will depend on the tact for mediators and their ability to break the ice,” Mr Sematumba added.

He said that the success of the peaceful initiative also depended on what Rwanda called the “abolition of defensive measures”, widely interpreted, which means the withdrawal of its troops from the Eastern Doctor of Congo.

While Rwanda denies M23 support, she says she wants to destroy the FDLR, the police born of those who spent the 1994 genocide in Rwanda and then fled to Dr. Congo. Rwanda accused the Congolese army of working with FDLR.

A peaceful deal follows that the FDLR should be “neutralized”, however, this has been done several times in the last three decades.

“For Rwanda, FDLR neutralization is a prerequisite for canceling his strength, while Dr. Congo states that both should be reached at the same time,” Mr. Sematumba said, saying that the mediators should find the solution because these issues have led to the preliminary initiatives of peace.

“Only by following the various interpretations given by the parties signed texts can you feel all the difficulties ahead,” Mr. Sematumba said.

Professor Mostert agreed that diplomacy could not reach peace independently and a broader initiative is needed.

“You build peace by transforming the pain. It requires more than diplomacy. It requires dialogue, decentralized participation and worthy experiences,” she said.

“That is why I think it is important for transactions and legislators to be aware of historical injuries, including decades of exploitation of resources,” Professor Mostert added.

Therefore, if he wants peace to hold long enough to make US companies to make a profit, Donald Trump may have to maintain pressure on time.