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BBC’s diplomatic correspondent
Speculations were spinning whether the Trump-Purven summit would be forcibly and fundamentally changed.
Since 2014, Russia has claimed large parts of Ukraine when President Vladimir Putin has taken his first step.
At the time, for several months, Moscow conducted a relatively bloodless occupation and annexation of the Crimean Peninsula.
But behind it was followed by the Russian separatist movement in the eastern region of the Donbass-in privacy, in two regions, or “regions” known as Donetsk and Lugansk.
The war there puffed up for eight years.
During this period, Ukraine lost about 14,000 soldiers and civilians.
But in February 2022, Putin launched his full -scale invasion. Russian troops quickly reached the outskirts of Kiev and confiscated huge spots in the south, including large pieces of two more regions, ferries and cieson.
The war has endured and flowed since then. Now Russia controls a rather smaller territory – approximately 27% in the spring of 2022 by about 20%. In the East, Russian forces are moving, but very slowly and for a great price.
President Volodimir Zelensky from Ukraine says that the fire is now needed. European allies also insist on a stop in the fight. US President Donald Trump says this is what he tried to achieve.
But on the eve of his summit in Alaska with Putin, Trump began to talk, instead of territorial swaps. This directed the shock waves through Kyiv and Europe.
It is not quite clear what Trump is referring to, or what these swaps may look, given that the whole territory is legally belonging to Ukraine.
As of August 2025, the territory of Ukraine looks like this:
Russia would very much like to expand its control over all Luhansk and Donetsk.
Some reports indicate that Putin demands that Ukraine transfer the remaining territory, which it controls in both areas.
But this would mean that Kiev abandoned the places in which tens of thousands of Ukrainian soldiers were killed, trying to defend – cities as Kramatar and Slavian, and a fortified line that protects the Ukrainian territory in the north and west.
For Kyiv, such a concession would be a bitter pill to swallow. For Moscow, the losses of which were even more catastrophic, it will be considered a victory.
On Tuesday, Zelensky stated that Ukraine could “leave” Donbass because Moscow will use this region as a bridgehead to attack the rest of the country.
In recent days, Russian troops seem to be strongly pushing and made progress near the city of Dabropilia. But it is not yet clear whether this means a significant strategic step or just the efforts to show Trump that Moscow is prevailed.
And what about the bunches and cieson, captured in 2022?
Here, as reportedly, Russia proposes to stop the consequences and freeze the lines.
But will Russia ready to return this?
On Monday, Trump vaguely spoke about the Ocean Property-as a link to some coastline along the Azov or the Black Sea.
But this is all part of the strategically vital Putin’s vital bridge that connects Russia with occupied Crimea.
It is difficult to see how the Russian leader agreed to give up this. Like Donetsk and Luhansk, Putin views these places within Russia, and illegally joined them three years ago in four referendums, which are widely regarded as fake.
For Ukraine and Europe, the territorial swaps-on this earliest stage of the negotiations-starter.
In the end, a discussion about future borders may come, but only when the war stopped and Ukraine’s security was guaranteed.